Dental Problems in Rodents
Dental problems are common in captive rodents and are often linked to diets rich in seeds, which frequently lack the protein and minerals needed for healthy bone and tooth development. Dental disease can also develop for other reasons — some rodents are born with abnormally shaped teeth that do not line up properly for grinding, injuries to the mouth, skull, or jaw can cause teeth to grow at odd angles, and tumors may deform the shape of the teeth over time.
Treatment
Some rodents require such frequent teeth filing that extraction of the abnormal teeth becomes the better option. Occasionally a rodent may need all four front teeth (incisors) extracted because they grow at such abnormal angles that filing is needed every few weeks. Extraction of an incisor is a delicate procedure and the animal requires close attention and supportive care while its mouth heals. Fortunately, most rodents do quite well without incisors — and some have had all of their cheek teeth removed and still do well.
Prevention
The single most important thing you can do is feed a good-quality pellet diet formulated for your specific pet. Avoid foods that contain seeds, dried fruit, and dried cereals — many rodents will selectively eat only the treats and leave the nutritious portions behind. A few seeds can be offered on special occasions such as during training or playtime, but a healthy pellet should make up the main portion of the diet. For species that eat hay, ensure it is the dietary staple.
When to See a Veterinarian
Bring your pet in for regular physical exams so we can check the length and condition of the teeth. If your pet has ongoing dental problems, we recommend a checkup every 4 months so issues can be addressed before they impact overall health. If overgrown teeth are found, we will schedule an appointment to file them under general anesthesia along with any other needed treatments.
Contact us if your pet is showing any of the following signs, as they may indicate dental disease:
- Drooling
- Stained or matted fur on the chin or jaw
- Loss of appetite or preference for only favorite soft foods
- Changes in the quantity or consistency of feces
