Cockatoo Care Guide
Cockatoos are a medium to large parrot belonging to the order Psittaciformes and the family Cacatuidae. They originate from Australia and the surrounding islands of the Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands. They are often recognized by the crest on top of their head, which they raise and lower to express different emotions. Cockatoos are variable in color but are often white, pink, or black. Commonly kept species include the sulfur-crested, citron, umbrella, Goffin’s, rose-breasted, Moluccan, and Major Mitchell’s cockatoos.
Cockatoos are loved for their exuberant personalities, strong bonds with their family, and playful nature — though this means they require a great deal of attention and care. The best cockatoo owners have an environment and lifestyle that carefully matches the needs of their individual bird. Cockatoos can live 40–60+ years with good care, with larger species often living longer than smaller ones.
Enclosure
Cockatoos should be housed in a large cage or aviary with minimum dimensions of 48″ long × 36″ wide × 48″ tall, though larger enclosures are preferred. A variety of perches with different diameters and textures should be provided for optimal foot health. Wooden dowel perches should not be the only type offered, as this can lead to bumblefoot (pododermatitis). Natural wood perches such as manzanita, java, and dragonwood branches are good options.
Temperature
As a tropical species, cockatoos prefer warm temperatures in the 70–85°F range. Supplemental heating may be required if the temperature drops below 60°F.
Humidity
Cockatoos prefer a humidity level of 40–60%, which can be measured with a hygrometer. A humidifier can be used if necessary. Many birds appreciate a warm misting or shower 1–2 times per week to encourage healthy skin and feathers.
Cockatoos produce a fine powder that helps waterproof their feathers — you may notice this powder on surfaces around the cage and throughout your home. Regular baths help keep plumage clean and bright and can reduce powder buildup.
Lighting
Like other birds, cockatoos need access to sunlight. Ultraviolet-B rays in sunshine help maintain a normal skeleton by allowing birds to produce vitamin D3, which enables calcium absorption from the diet. Glass and window screens block UVB rays, so getting your bird outside is the most effective approach. Always monitor your bird closely outdoors to prevent overheating or escape.
If safe outdoor access isn’t possible, a UVB lamp such as ZooMed’s Avistar 5.0 is a good alternative. Place it 12–18 inches from the bird and run it for about 6 hours a day.
Diet
It is recommended that 60–80% of the diet be in the form of a pellet. Fresh vegetables, fruits, and grains should make up the remainder. Offering nuts in the shell is a great way to provide additional foraging activity. Healthy nut options include walnuts, almonds, and cashews.
If you are switching your cockatoo to a pellet diet and need help, please refer to our handout on tips for diet conversion.
Enrichment
Toys are a must for cockatoos to keep their minds engaged throughout the day. Pet stores offer a wide variety of appropriate toys. Many cockatoos enjoy destroying wooden blocks and tearing up paper. Homemade toys are a great low-cost supplement. Foraging is another excellent way to keep a bird’s mind stimulated.
Wellness & Preventive Care
Cockatoos should have an annual wellness exam and fecal evaluation. Depending on your bird and individual circumstances, infectious disease screening may also be appropriate. Microchipping is available and can help your bird find its way home in the event of an escape.
